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Decadron (dexamethasone) is a potent corticosteroid with a wide range of applications. It's also available in a range of formulations, including tablets, eye drops, nasal sprays, lotions, oral solution, injections, and IV solution.

Depending on what's being treated, Decadron may be given every day, every other day, or on other schedules. It should generally be taken on a full stomach with fluids. If it has been taken for more than a few doses, treatment should not end abruptly as this can cause withdrawal side effects; speak with a doctor about a discontinuation plan.

Decadron as an Anti-Inflammatory

Among the more widespread uses for Decadron---particularly when used outside of a medical setting---the medication can be used to reduce inflammation and the pain, itchiness, and other symptoms that often accompany it. Decadron can also be used to help reduce symptoms of autoimmune disorders.

In treating allergic states, such as asthma, dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and so forth, the medication is used when these conditions are quite severe, even incapacitating. Dosage and duration of treatment is highly individualized according to patient age, weight, and other factors, ranging from 0.75 mg to 9 mg per day.

Treatment rarely exceeds one week. Treatment with Decadron typically starts at higher doses, gradually reduced over the week. Effects are usually felt with the first dose and conditions are usually significantly improved within three days.

Rarely treatment will last longer; this should be done only with explicit doctor approval. Excessive use of Decadron can produce unpleasant and even dangerous side effects.

Decadron and Endocrine Disorders

Decadron can be used in endocrine disorders when other medications, usually prednisone, are not effective or not suitable for some reason. It basically replaces naturally-produce steroids when these steroids are not produced by the body, such as in Addison's disease.

For these conditions the medication is sometimes given in injections, though tablets are also used. When taken on a schedule Decadron is usually taken at night, as opposed to inflammatory conditions, where it's usually taken in the morning. There are exceptions, however.

Treatment may continue long-term when it's used in endocrine disorders. Doctor involvement is important to ensure the medication is working as intended as well as to monitor for developing side effects.

Decadron and Cancer

Decadron may be given to patients with cancer to offset side effects of chemotherapy or side effects of the cancer itself, particularly when tumors are present on the spine or brain. It is also used in eye drop form to prevent swelling of the eyes in patients who have leukemia or lymphoma following chemotherapy. It's effective at reducing nausea and vomiting, as well as increasing appetite and reducing the swelling and edema often associated with cancer treatment.

It is in cancer treatment that Decadron use varies most, in formula, dosage, administration, and duration of treatment. A doctor will need to determine these factors.

Decadron and Pregnancy

Decadron is sometimes given to women at risk of premature birth to help the fetus' lungs mature. Fetus' treated with Decadron may have low birth weight, but there is no increase in death.

More controversially, pregnant patients are sometimes given Decadron to help alleviate symptoms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a condition which can cause an assortment of birth defects. While Decadron can alleviate the symptoms, it does not address the underlying problem and some studies have found cognitive defects after birth in a substantial portion of fetuses treated.

Other Uses of Decadron

Decadron, along with other medications, may be given to postoperative patients to reduce nausea and vomiting.

The medication is often carried on mountain climbing expeditions or other scenarios in which individuals will be at high altitudes; it is used to alleviate symptoms of high-altitude cerebral edema or high-altitude pulmonary edema, as well as other high-altitude complications.

Decadron Injection

Decadron (Dexamethasone) is used to treat conditions like breathing complications, skin diseases, arthritis, etc. Dexamethasone comes in many brands. The most known brand names are Solurex, DoubleDex, and Dexamethasone.

Benefits

Dexamethasone is an effective remedy against the inflammation of organs like lungs, joints, skin. It also treats inflammatory conditions like arthritis, allergies, and asthma.

It is also a beneficial therapy for auto-immune system disorders, cancer, breathing problems, eye problems, and ulcerative colitis.

Side effects

Patients must inform their medical practitioner of the underlying conditions before they use Decadron. They are prohibited from using the medicine if they are allergic to it or are suffering from the following ailments:

• Heart conditions
• Blood clotting
• Liver disease
• Seizures
• Breastfeeding or pregnant.

Patients may experience these side effects:

• Nausea
• Dizziness
• Skin rash
• Trouble sleeping and
• depression

Dosage

Over 18 years: Typical dosage varies according to the ailment being treated. However, the recommended amount is between 0.75 mg - 9mg daily.

Below 18 years: Dosage may vary according to the condition being addressed. However, normal ratios are 0.02 mg -0.3 mg per kg of body mass daily divided into three or four doses.

Sixty-five years and above: Doctors usually start seniors on a lowered dose or schedule to prevent the accumulation of this drug in their bodies. This drastically reduces the risk of side effects.

Unique dosage consideration: Medical practitioners may reduce dosage gradually over time to forestall withdrawal symptoms.

Administration

Dexamethasone is administered by various methods, including intravenous infusion, direct intravenous injection, soft tissue infiltration, intraarticular injection, or intramuscular injection.

Intramuscular and Intravenous Administration: Depending on condition may range from 0.4 to 20 mg daily.

Soft Tissue and Intraarticular injections: Injections may vary according to the degree of condition or area size of the infected area.

Cerebral edema: Dosage of 8.3 mg IV after that 3.3 mg IM each 5 -6 hours until all signs of edema decrease.

Alternatives:

• Meloxicam: Gives relief from short-term pain and reduces inflammation caused by arthritis.
• Prednisone: Treats hyperimmune conditions and provides relief against and inflammation.

Interactions

When taken alongside other drugs, Dexamethasone can alter the way they function by reducing their performance effectiveness. Patients are advised to disclose to their medical practitioner all medications they are currently taking. Patients are prohibited from altering the dosage of any drugs before the doctor’s instruction.

The following is a brief list (not comprehensive) of drugs that can interact with Dexamethasone.

Blood thinners (rivaroxaban and apixaban): Dexamethasone can dilute the concentration of these drugs in the blood, reducing their effectiveness. This may make patients susceptible to a stroke or blood clots.

Cholesterol drugs: Colestipol, colesevelam, and cholestyramine have been absorbed less when interacting with Dexamethasone. This would make them less effective in fighting cholesterol.

Diuretics: Hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, and bumetanide, when taken alongside Dexamethasone, can deplete your body of levels of potassium. The mineral potassium is vital to your body’s working of the nervous system, organs, and muscles.

Heart medications like (digoxin):  Dexamethason interferes with your body’s potassium levels, altering your normal heart’s function. Taking certain heart medications like digoxin to stabilize heart beating problems could worsen the heart’s irregular beats.

HIV medications (tipranavir, ritonavir, fosamprenavir, maraviroc and etravirine). Taking Dexamethason alongside many of these drugs can lower their concentration in the blood. This would reduce their overall effectiveness. These drugs then stop working as a result.

Storage

Dexamethasone should be stored at room temperatures varying between 68°F and 77°F or around 20 – 25 °C. Patients are discouraged from flushing medications down the drain or toilets. Children and pets should not reach this medication.

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