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Provera (medroxyprogesterone) tablets supply the body with the female hormone progestin and see a range of uses in pre- and post-menopausal women; in some circumstances it may be used to help treat certain conditions in men. It is often used in combination with other medications, most commonly estrogen.

Note that this medication is known to cause birth defects and passes through breast milk. Do not take Provera if pregnant or breastfeeding.

Provera Therapy

Provera sees the widest range of use in pre-menopausal women. The medication is a highly effective contraceptive when given via depot-injection; this procedure is done in a doctor's office. In tablet form Provera is useful in:

• Promoting regular periods in women experiencing irregular periods
• Restoring regular periods in cases of amenorrhea (absent periods)
• Reducing pain in dysmenorrhea (painful periods)
• Stopping abnormal uterine bleeding
• Reducing risk of endometrial hyperplasia (tissue growing outside the uterus)

In the above conditions, treatment typically consists of taking 5 to 10 mg per day for 5 to 10 days during the second half of the menstrual cycle. Withdrawal bleeding may occur 3 to 7 days after treatment stops.

In post-menopausal women who have a uterus, Provera may be used as part of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) when an estrogen is being taken; taking both an estrogen and a progestin like Provera is called combination therapy. Women who have a uterus have a significantly higher incidence of cancer if taking estrogen without also taking progestin. If the uterus has been removed a progestin is not necessary. A doctor should be consulted for use of Provera in HRT; dosage is dependent on the amount of estrogen being taken as well as other factors.

Provera does see some other, less common uses as well, such as combating some types of hormone-dependent cancer. In men it is sometimes used to help inhibit sexual urges.

The medication can be taken with or without food. In all uses, effects are best if it's taken at the same time each day. Missed doses should be taken as soon as remembered. Provera should be stored at room temperature and not exposed to sunlight or moisture.

Precautions & Side Effects

Provera can cause complications in individuals with certain medical conditions. Discuss risks with a doctor before starting treatment if there is a history of:

• Miscarriage
• High blood pressure
• Mental illness
• Fluid retention
• Gallbladder or pancreas ailments
• Seizures
• Liver or kidney impairment
• Stroke
• Heart problems
• Vision problems
• Diabetes
• Blood clots
• Cancer, especially breast cancer, including family history

Patients who smoke or who are significantly overweight are at increased risk of experiencing serious complications such as blood clots and stroke. This risk increases with age.

Provera may interact with other medications, which may reduce the effectiveness of one or more of the medications involved. Check with a doctor or pharmacist before mixing medications.

Some people do experience side effects from Provera. Usually these symptoms are mild and often transient. Common side effects include:

• Nausea
• Spotting
• Bloating
• Acne
• Tender breasts
• Cramps
• Difficulty sleeping
• Nervousness
• Lightheadedness

The above side effects are not cause for concern unless they become severe enough to be disruptive. If they do, check with a doctor.

As mentioned above, this medication is known to cause birth defects if taken while pregnant.